The *4pop models try to simulate what we think species need and how we think species behave. By testing their predictions against real life species observations, we can test our understanding.
Because they are ‘process-based’ simulation models, we can also use them to predict species relative abundance and distributions, not only in present-day landscapes, but also in the past and into the future.
This helps us explore how species might be affected by landscape changes, how this might in turn affect those species’ contributions to the ecosystem and any benefits people may enjoy as a result of those contributions.
We are developing and applying *4pop models to advance research in all of these areas.
We also support students and early career researchers in learning to use and apply the *4pop models as part of their own research.
Below are some of the research programmes and projects we’ve been part of.





